Results/Trends Results
ECI results
Analysis · over time

How elections changed

Madhya Pradesh, 1962–2024. 16 general elections tracked.

Turnout
67.04%
↓ 4.13 pts from previous
Median margin
27.2%
↑ 0.7 pts from previous
Effective parties
2.1
↓ 0.03 from previous
NOTA
1.41%
↑ 0.48 pts from previous
Women elected
13.79%
↓ 3.45 pts from previous

[01]Turnout

Weighted votes ÷ electors, election by election
2024 67.04%29 seats
2019 71.16%29 seats
2014 61.6%29 seats
2009 51.19%29 seats
2004 48.05%29 seats
1999 54.05%40 seats
1998 60.37%40 seats
1996 52.19%40 seats
1991 43.43%40 seats
1989 53.33%40 seats
1984 55.39%40 seats
1980 50.05%40 seats
1977 51.85%40 seats
1971 45.11%37 seats
1967 50.32%37 seats
1962 42.24%36 seats

[02]How close the contests were

Median winning margin, election by election
2024 27.2%29 seats
2019 26.5%29 seats
2014 21.9%29 seats
2009 5.4%29 seats
2004 14.5%29 seats
1999 8.39%40 seats
1998 7.57%40 seats
1996 9.22%40 seats
1991 11.65%40 seats
1989 14.75%40 seats
1984 28.22%40 seats
1980 20.16%40 seats
1977 23.99%40 seats
1971 15.05%37 seats
1967 15.46%37 seats
1962 12.07%36 seats

[03]Ballot crowding

Candidates per seat over time
2024 12.6366 candidates
2019 15.1438 candidates
2014 13.0378 candidates
2009 14.8429 candidates
2004 10.1294 candidates
1999 8.6344 candidates
1998 10.0400 candidates
1996 31.51,259 candidates
1991 17.1683 candidates
1989 12.3490 candidates
1984 10.0398 candidates
1980 9.0359 candidates
1977 3.8152 candidates
1971 4.6170 candidates
1967 4.7174 candidates
1962 4.4159 candidates

[04]Party fragmentation

Effective number of parties by vote share
2024 2.11 of 69 won seats
2019 2.22 of 78 won seats
2014 2.32 of 56 won seats
2009 2.83 of 41 won seats
2004 2.82 of 27 won seats
1999 2.42 of 31 won seats
1998 2.72 of 30 won seats
1996 3.56 of 34 won seats
1991 2.63 of 22 won seats
1989 3.24 of 16 won seats
1984 2.41 of 7 won seats
1980 2.93 of 9 won seats
1977 2.24 of 5 won seats
1971 2.94 of 13 won seats
1967 3.64 of 9 won seats
1962 4.46 of 11 won seats

[05]NOTA

None of the above, as a share of votes cast
2024 1.41%5,33,705 votes
2019 0.92%3,40,984 votes
2014 1.32%3,91,837 votes

[06]Deposits lost

Share of candidates polling under a sixth of valid votes
2024 84.15%308 of 366
2019 86.76%380 of 438
2014 84.13%318 of 378
2009 85.78%368 of 429
2004 78.91%232 of 294
1999 75.29%259 of 344
1998 78.25%313 of 400
1996 93.17%1,173 of 1,259
1991 87.56%598 of 683
1989 82.45%404 of 490
1984 79.4%316 of 398
1980 76.6%275 of 359
1977 47.37%72 of 152
1971 55.29%94 of 170
1967 57.47%100 of 174
1962 45.91%73 of 159

[07]Women elected

Share of winners who are women
2019 13.79%29 seats
2014 17.24%29 seats
2009 20.69%29 seats
2004 10.34%29 seats
1999 7.5%40 seats
1998 10.0%40 seats
1996 15.0%40 seats
1991 15.0%40 seats
1989 10.0%40 seats
1984 7.5%40 seats
1980 10.0%40 seats
1971 8.11%37 seats
1967 13.51%37 seats
1962 16.67%36 seats

[08]Incumbent re-election rate

Share of sitting members who won again
2019 78.57%11 of 14 re-elected
2014 52.94%9 of 17 re-elected
2009 52.63%10 of 19 re-elected
2004 80.95%17 of 21 re-elected
1999 77.42%24 of 31 re-elected
1998 66.67%24 of 36 re-elected
1996 58.62%17 of 29 re-elected
1991 54.55%18 of 33 re-elected
1989 25.0%8 of 32 re-elected
1984 86.96%20 of 23 re-elected
1980 15.62%5 of 32 re-elected
1977 32.0%8 of 25 re-elected
1971 73.91%17 of 23 re-elected
1967 52.94%9 of 17 re-elected

[09]Computed insights

Arithmetic over the series above, not commentary
  1. Ballots have grown much more crowded: 4.4 candidates a seat in 1962 against 12.6 in 2024.

    4.4 → 12.6 over 16 elections
  2. Women's share of elected members peaked at 20.69% in 2009; in 2019 it was 13.79%.

    peak 20.69% in 2009
  3. In 2019, 78.57% of sitting members who re-stood were re-elected — above the series average of 57.77%.

    78.57 vs avg 57.77 across 14 elections
  4. NOTA peaked at 1.41% in 2024 — 5,33,705 voters chose none of the above.

    highest NOTA share across 3 elections
  5. The highest deposit-loss rate was 93.17% in 1996: 1,173 of 1,259 candidates polled under a sixth of the valid vote.

    peak deposit losses in 1996
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